While this year will celebrate its three decades of unchallenged power at the head of Egypt, Hosni Mubarak is now facing a challenge coming from the street ever seen. But who is really the Egyptian President?
Born in 1928 in a town in the Nile Delta, Hosni Mubarak is moving to high school after a military career.
In 1950, he joined the Academy of the Egyptian Air Force, where he quickly rose through the ranks to become a base commander.
In 1964 he was appointed head of the delegation of the Egyptian army in the USSR. In October 1973, following the Yom Kippur War, he was again promoted. In April 1975 he became vice-president and in 1978 he was chosen as vice-president of the National Democratic Party (NDP) member of the Socialist International.
Polls whose transparency is questioned
On the death of President Sadat (assassinated in 1981 by members of Egyptian Islamic Jihad), Mubarak comes to presidential elections, he won 13 October 1981. He became president at the same time the National Democratic Party. The "rais" (chief of state) is re-elected in 1987, 93 and 99, each time getting more than 80% of votes in elections whose transparency is questioned by the UN.
His presidency was marked by several ailments: lack of democracy, corruption, police brutality and especially a state of emergency was not lifted from its access its power.
In these turbulent times, the army, which it arose, could now prove to be the only remedy to keep Mubarak in power. Perceived by the people as outside the corruption that plagues the entourage of "rais", it is in a paradoxical situation. Indeed it receives from the United States nearly one billion euros each year to remain non-violent, since the Camp David accords of 1978. These agreements, real preliminary peace treaty of 1979 Israeli-Palestinian signed by Presidents Sadat and Begin were initiated by the President of the United States at the time, Jimmy Carter.
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